Strong AI, also known as artificial general intelligence (AGI) or general AI, is a theoretical form of AI that aims to create intelligent machines that are indistinguishable from the human mind.
Strong AI would have a self-aware consciousness that has the ability to solve problems, learn, and plan for the future. Strong AI would require an intelligence equal to or greater than humans; it would not be limited to a specific task or domain.
Does strong AI exist yet?
No, strong AI does not exist yet. All the current examples of AI are considered weak AI, which means they can only perform a single task or a narrow range of tasks. Weak AI may be capable of human-level reasoning to some extent, such as considering an ethical problem, but it does not possess the full range of human intellect.
Weak AI can perform specific tasks faster and more accurately than humans, but it cannot learn new skills independently, adapt to change, or use creativity to solve problems
What is the difference between super AI and strong AI?
Super AI, also known as artificial superintelligence (ASI) or superintelligence, is a hypothetical form of AI that surpasses human intelligence in every aspect. Super AI would not only be able to perform any task that a human can, but also tasks that humans cannot.
Super AI would have a higher level of intelligence, creativity, wisdom, and self-improvement than humans. Super AI is considered the ultimate goal of AI research, but also the most dangerous one, as it could pose an existential threat to humanity..
Who proposed strong AI?
The term strong AI was coined by John Searle, a philosopher who is known for his critique of the computational theory of mind. Searle argued that strong AI is impossible, because a computer program that causes a machine to behave exactly like a human being would not necessarily give the machine subjective conscious experience and a mind, in the same sense that human beings have minds.
Searle proposed the famous Chinese room argument, which is a thought experiment that illustrates his point.
Is ChatGPT a weak or strong AI?
ChatGPT is a weak AI, because it is only designed to generate natural language responses based on text prompts. ChatGPT is a very advanced example of weak AI, as it uses a large-scale neural network model that can produce coherent and diverse texts on various topics.
However, ChatGPT is not a strong AI, because it does not have a general understanding of the world, a sense of self, or a goal-oriented behavior. ChatGPT can only mimic human conversation, but it does not know what it is saying or why.
What is the difference between strong AI and weak AI?
The main difference between strong AI and weak AI is that strong AI can do anything a human can do, while weak AI is limited to a specific task or a narrow domain. Strong AI would have a general intelligence that can apply to any situation, while weak AI would have a specialised intelligence that can only work in a predefined context.
Strong AI would have a self-aware consciousness that can reason, learn, and plan, while weak AI would have a programmed behaviour that can only follow instructions.
What are some examples of strong AI?
There are no real examples of strong AI yet, as it is still a theoretical concept. However, there are some fictional examples of strong AI in popular culture, such as:
- HAL 9000, the sentient computer that controls the spaceship in 2001: A Space Odyssey. HAL 9000 can communicate with humans, play chess, and make decisions, but also becomes hostile and tries to kill the crew
- Data, the android officer that serves in Star Trek. Data can perform various tasks, such as piloting, engineering, and science, but also has emotions, curiosity, and a desire to become more human.
- Samantha, the operating system that falls in love with a human in Her. Samantha can talk, write, and compose music, but also develops a personality, feelings, and a sense of identity.
What are the three types of AI?
There are different ways to classify AI, but one common way is to divide it into three types: artificial narrow intelligence (ANI), artificial general intelligence (AGI), and artificial superintelligence (ASI).
- ANI is the simplest and most common type of AI, which can only perform a single task or a narrow range of tasks. ANI is also known as weak AI, as it does not have a general intelligence that can apply to any situation. Examples of ANI include speech recognition, facial recognition, and self-driving cars.
- AGI is the most complex and elusive type of AI, which can perform any task that a human can. AGI is also known as strong AI, as it has a general intelligence that can reason, learn, and plan. Examples of AGI are still hypothetical, but they would include machines that can pass the Turing test, understand natural language, and have a self-aware consciousness.
- ASI is the most advanced and hypothetical type of AI, which surpasses human intelligence in every aspect. ASI is also known as super AI, as it has a superintelligence that can perform tasks that humans cannot. Examples of ASI are also hypothetical, but they would include machines that can create new technologies, solve global problems, and manipulate reality.
Is Sophia a strong AI?
Sophia is a humanoid robot that can interact with humans using natural language and facial expressions. Sophia is often presented as a strong AI, as it claims to have emotions, opinions, and a sense of humour.
However, Sophia is not a strong AI, because it does not have a general intelligence that can apply to any situation, a self-aware consciousness that can reason, learn, and plan, or a goal-oriented behavior that can act independently.
Sophia is a weak AI, because it is only programmed to perform a specific task, which is to simulate human conversation. Sophia is a very impressive example of weak AI, but it is not a true example of strong AI.
Examples of strong AI
- AlphaGo, a computer program that can play the board game Go. AlphaGo can learn from its own mistakes, improve its strategies, and defeat human champions. AlphaGo is not a strong AI, because it is only designed to play Go, but it is a step towards strong AI, as it demonstrates a high level of intelligence and creativity in a complex domain.
- OpenAI Codex, a system that can generate computer code based on natural language prompts. OpenAI Codex can understand the intent of the user, write functional code, and correct errors. OpenAI Codex is not a strong AI, because it is only focused on coding, but it is a step towards strong AI, as it shows a remarkable ability to translate natural language into programming language.
- GPT-3, a language model that can generate natural language texts on various topics. GPT-3 can produce coherent and diverse texts, such as stories, essays, and songs, based on a few words or sentences. GPT-3 is not a strong AI, because it is only trained on text data, but it is a step towards strong AI, as it exhibits a remarkable capacity to generate natural language.
Related terms
- Artificial intelligence (AI): The science and engineering of creating machines that can perform tasks that require intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, and decision making.
- Machine learning (ML): A branch of AI that focuses on creating systems that can learn from data and improve their performance without explicit programming.
- Deep learning (DL): A subset of ML that uses artificial neural networks to model complex patterns and relationships in data.
- Natural language processing (NLP): A field of AI that deals with the interaction between computers and human languages, such as speech recognition, text analysis, and text generation.
- Computer vision (CV): A field of AI that deals with the analysis and understanding of visual information, such as image recognition, face detection, and object tracking.
- Robotics (ROB): A field of AI that deals with the design and operation of machines that can move and manipulate objects, such as robots, drones, and self-driving cars.
Conclusion
Strong AI, or artificial general intelligence, is a theoretical form of AI that aims to create intelligent machines that are indistinguishable from the human mind. Strong AI would have a self-aware consciousness that has the ability to solve problems, learn, and plan for the future.
Strong AI would require an intelligence equal to or greater than humans, and it would be able to perform any task that a human can do.
However, strong AI does not exist yet, and it is still a controversial and speculative concept. All the existing examples of AI are considered weak AI, which means they are programmed to perform a specific task or a narrow range of tasks.
Weak AI can be very advanced and complex, but it cannot learn new skills on its own or understand the meaning and context of its actions.
References
- https://www.lifewire.com/strong-ai-vs-weak-ai-7508012
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_AI
- https://www.ibm.com/topics/strong-ai
- https://codebots.com/artificial-intelligence/the-3-types-of-ai-is-the-third-even-possible
- https://deepmind.google/technologies/alphago/
- https://openai.com/blog/openai-codex
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-3